Plasmapheresis

Plasmapheresis, or “plasma exchange,” is a procedure that removes antibodies—both “bad” and “good”—from the blood. The antibody-free blood cells are returned intravenously in a blood product called albumin or a plasma substitute. This treatment doesn’t affect the body’s ability to make more antibodies, and so the relief it provides is generally temporary. It also is very expensive.

Plasmapheresis is used for patients who have severe MG symptoms, or who need to improve strength before surgery. It’s also used periodically for those who don’t respond to other treatments. With plasma exchange, an individual typically gets stronger in several days; the treatment benefit usually lasts about three weeks.

Risks associated with the procedure include a falling blood pressure and dizziness. There also is a risk of allergic reaction, which can range from mild symptoms like fever, chills and rash to, on rare occasions, anaphylactic shock.

Reviewed by the MGF of Illinois Medical Advisory Board, September 2008.